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  • The Euro-American Roots of Pumpkin Spice

    The Euro-American Roots of Pumpkin Spice10

    Pumpkin spice and everything nice, that’s what basic white girls are made of! She’s wearing plaid, cute boots, and walking through autumn leaves to a pumpkin patch or apple orchard. And most importantly, come mid-October, she’s unabashedly carrying the unmistakable takeout coffee cup filled with pumpkin spice latte. She is also hailed as laughable, ditzy,

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  • Keeping Courage, Resisting Groupthink: The Great Escape of Mary Queen of Scots

    Keeping Courage, Resisting Groupthink: The Great Escape of Mary Queen of Scots2

    For a teenage boy like Willy Douglas, there was bound to be something appealing about the tall, beautiful, spirited, and forsaken 24-year-old queen imprisoned in Lochleven Castle, which lay on an island in the middle of a gray lake in lowland Scotland. Is it any wonder that 16-year-old Willy and his 18-year-old cousin George set

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  • Why Dengism Matters for America

    Why Dengism Matters for America2

    Former Chinese dictator Deng Xiaoping is little known in the West, but his ideas should be common knowledge. He developed a new political-economic model for China, one often called “authoritarian developmentalism,” that helped hundreds of millions of people escape grinding poverty. However, “Dengism” maintained the Communist Party’s firm grip on society—and Western countries are starting

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  • Islam Is Biased Toward Arabs. Why?

    Islam Is Biased Toward Arabs. Why?2

    Most Muslims in the world today are non-Arabs. It’s an ironic fact, given that Islam and Arab chauvinism are inseparable. Even though it’s not well-known, Islamic history paints a clear picture: Islam elevates Arabs over others. The Beginnings of Arab Chauvinism To see this, we have to go back to the 600s and the Arab

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  • The American and French Revolutions Compared

    The American and French Revolutions Compared3

    One of the many differences between the American and French Revolutions is that, unlike the French, Americans did not fight for an abstraction. Americans initially took up arms against the British to defend and preserve the traditional rights of Englishmen. The slogan “no taxation without representation” aptly summed up one of their chief complaints. The

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  • Purposeless Masculinity in Beryl Bainbridge’s ‘The Birthday Boys’

    Purposeless Masculinity in Beryl Bainbridge’s ‘The Birthday Boys’1

    In the face of certain death, does being civilized matter? All the narrators of Beryl Bainbridge’s 1991 historical novel The Birthday Boys die. And still, knowing their deaths loom, they carry on with birthdays, religious practices, and virtues like loyalty and courage. Heavily based on real life diaries and letters, this novel is a hybrid

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